Friday’s Forum

FILED UNDER: Open Forum
Steven L. Taylor
About Steven L. Taylor
Steven L. Taylor is a Professor of Political Science and a College of Arts and Sciences Dean. His main areas of expertise include parties, elections, and the institutional design of democracies. His most recent book is the co-authored A Different Democracy: American Government in a 31-Country Perspective. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Texas and his BA from the University of California, Irvine. He has been blogging since 2003 (originally at the now defunct Poliblog). Follow Steven on Twitter

Comments

  1. MarkedMan says:

    From yesterday’s open forum and the discussion about HIPAA, Monala said this:

    in addition, even if the information is de-identified, when you’re talking about such a small number of students, the level of detail they are requesting would make it easy to identify the individuals.

    This is a real concern in clinical research. I had colleagues that studied diabetes and obesity and it could cause certain potentially valuable data to be left out. For example, a county by county study of morbid obesity couldn’t include enough information about patients in the smaller counties to identify them. So if Patient X weighed 623 pounds and was a baker in a rural Montana county, that could be enough to identify them as a specific individual. (I imagine that for certain rare diseases it makes it very difficult to share comprehensive data.) So the requirement to deidentify is not limited to substituting for a patients name. HIPAA requires that an individual patient cannot be identified by the combination of information you provide.

    5
  2. Jen says:

    @MarkedMan: Yep. If I’m remembering correctly, New Hampshire stopped reporting town-by-town deaths from Covid for this reason. It was way too easy in a town of 200 people reporting 3 deaths to figure out “oh yeah, that was Bob, Jane, and Frank” and people would post this stuff in the comments section of news articles and POOF, privacy gone.

    3
  3. MarkedMan says:

    @MarkedMan: The reason my colleagues and I were discussing de-identification with respect to obesity and diabetes research is kind of interesting. Since no one knows why we are experiencing an epidemic of obesity and the serious health problems associated with it, there are all kinds of areas to explore. At least one researcher was trying to determine if obesity and diabetes “spread” in the way a communicable disease might, which could indicate it is bacterial or viral* in nature. The researcher had some intriguing results that seemed to indicate obesity traveled up through valleys in much the same way measles or the flu does, albeit much slower. But the poor medical records available (“obesity” is not a reportable disease, or it least it wasn’t when the epidemic started) coupled with the sparse population of the valleys that were most likely to show the result made it very hard to get useful data, because de-identifying people in such areas meant being less specific about their locations.

    *Yes, that’s a real possibility. Stomach ulcers, which used to be hella common and associated with lifestyle choices and “modern living” turned out to be predominantly caused by a specific bacteria and easily treated

    3
  4. Kathy says:

    @MarkedMan:

    I’ve read the microbiome, in particular the bacteria in the gut, might influence or even control food cravings, and even hunger in some cases.

    I’ve not heard anything about infectious bacteria doing the same.

  5. Scott says:

    San Antonio’s John Hagee prays over Republican Nikki Haley’s presidential campaign kickoff

    Rev Hagee is the senior pastor (and multi-millionaire) of Cornerstone Church, a megachurch (17K membership) here in San Antonio. The fact that he endorsed Haley rather than Trump or Pence can be important to the evangelical crowd. Especially Pence, as he has spoken at the church a number of times. Hagee is known for being a very outspoken supporter of Israel (of course, all the Jews are going to Hell for not accepting Jesus as their Savior). This could be an important signifier for that crowd. We shall see.

    1
  6. charon says:

    Putting this out here with no comment, as I know nothing about this topic:

    https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2023/02/nytimes-letter-trans-gender-youth-accountability.html

    Probably paywalled so I excerpt a bit:

    A new book by Hannah Barnes describes how the Gender Identity Development Service at the Tavistock clinic in London, the United Kingdom’s only dedicated gender-identity clinic, routinely put children on puberty blockers with inadequate assessment. Barnes reports how the clinic responded to demands by activists that it quickly affirm and treat the stated gender identity of every child, rather than engage in careful diagnosis. She describes an atmosphere of fear preventing staff from voicing, or maintaining, their doubts about the soundness of its methods — a government regulator found that some staff “felt unable to raise concerns without fear of retribution.”

    The foundational medical evidence for giving kids puberty blockers comes from a Dutch study whose subjects “had been heavily screened, suffered from gender dysphoria since childhood, and were psychologically stable with no other mental health issues.” But “according to almost every clinician I have spoken to,” writes Barnes, Tavistock “was referring people under 16 for puberty blockers who did not meet those conditions.” Even though the Dutch protocols “excluded participants who presented underlying mental health issues,” she claims, “nearly all children who came to the Center here presented with very serious mental health problems.”

    Tavistock has been shut down by the National Health Service, and health systems in England, Finland, and Sweden are all restricting the use of chemical treatment for youth gender dysphoria after concluding there is a paucity of evidence for it.

    The United States, with its fragmented, patient-driven system, lacks any unified standard of care like these European countries. I believe, as I will explain below, there is ample grounds to fear something similar is happening in the U.S. My view is that protecting trans children requires carefully following the evidence, and being willing to expose providers who are operating dangerously, in order to find scientifically defensible standards and avoid discrediting the entire field. But many American progressives seem to have drawn a very different conclusion from the experience in western Europe.

    The opening paragraphs, there is more.

    1
  7. charon says:

    Reading on, maybe I should toss out a bit more:

    https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2023/02/nytimes-letter-trans-gender-youth-accountability.html

    On Wednesday, a large collection of progressive journalists launched a public campaign, including a letter and a coordinated in-person demonstration by GLAAD, to protest the New York Times’s coverage of youth gender care. The letter claims the Times’s coverage is excessive, and it raises a couple attribution complaints about sources in a few of the stories to suggest the overall tenor is biased toward criticism.

    The letter’s key premise is that the Times is whipping up public concern over a nonexistent phenomenon. “Puberty blockers, hormone replacement therapy, and gender⁠-⁠affirming surgeries have been standard forms of care for cis and trans people alike for decades,” explains the letter. Since nothing especially new is occurring medically (“This is not a cultural emergency”), it follows that reporters have no reason to give the matter any new attention.

    But this is simply not true. Reporting in the Times, and in the other publications noted above, all show clearly that the field has undergone dramatic changes in the last decade or so. The old practice asked medical providers to diagnose gender dysphoria only in children who expressed persistent belief that they had the wrong gender identity. Many medical providers have adopted the view advocated by activists that children’s professed identity needs to be taken at face value almost immediately, with significantly less medical gatekeeping.

    1
  8. daryl and his brother darryl says:

    RIP Tim McCarver.
    I don’t follow baseball, but I know guys like McCarver are one of the best things about baseball.
    As Barnacle said;

    “Hall of Fame Catcher, Hall of Fame Announcer, Hall of Fame Guy.”

    RIP fine man.

    3
  9. charon says:

    @charon:

    Background:

    https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/15/magazine/gender-therapy.html

    https://nytletter.com/

    We are disappointed that the New York Times chose to use their public response to Wednesday’s coalition letter from GLAAD and other organizations as an opportunity to attempt to dismiss the well-documented complaint of editorial bias detailed in our letter. Times representatives avoided addressing the substantive concerns in the letter by simply alleging that it “came to [them] through GLAAD.” However, GLAAD confirmed to us that they did not deliver a copy of our letter to the New York Times. We look forward to clarification from the Times.

    Additionally, though we coordinated timing with GLAAD, our letters are very different documents. For example, we are not an advocacy organization. Our letter is addressed directly to the Standards editor, and makes a clear case drawing on the Times’ own history and editorial standards.

    Out of hand, the Times’ comments dismiss the concerns put to them by, at last count, over 1000 contributors to the New York Times—among them eminent writers, artists, photographers, and holders of elected office—and the countersignatures of 23,000 media workers, readers and subscribers to the newspaper.

    We await a courteous reply.

    In the meantime, we welcome additional support. Sign the letter and share your thoughts.

    That was an update, the original letter very very long.

  10. charon says:
  11. charon says:

    @Scott:

    Hagee is very extreme and IMO very antisemitic.

    IIRC, he is also a believer in death penalty for being gay.

    1
  12. Scott says:

    @charon: Yeah, plus he’s an end times preacher who thinks everything is leading the way to destruction which, in his mind, would not be a bad outcome.

  13. Mu Yixiao says:

    @charon:

    Further context

    Reading the Times letter, as well as the broader objections to Bazelon’s piece, readers may assume that she platformed only skeptic quacks. But Bazelon’s interviews included the leading doctors in the field who are sympathetic to treating transgender patients in a way that typically elicits energetic backlash from conservatives. There are differences and nuances between those doctors, as is to be expected in medicine, and Bazelon put them in conversation, as is to be expected in journalism. She included, for example, a lengthy interview with Colt St. Amand, a physician at the Mayo Clinic, who said: “People are who they say they are, and they may develop and change, and all are normal and OK. So I am less concerned with certainty around identity, and more concerned with hearing the person’s embodiment goals. Do you want to have a deep voice? Do you want to have breasts? You know, what do you want for your body?”

    Marci Bowers, a transgender woman and reconstructive surgeon, observed by contrast that transgender girls who stave off male puberty, and thus prevent full penile development, may struggle to orgasm in their adult lives after having bottom surgery. “Sexual satisfaction is a huge thing,” she told Bazelon. “You’ve got to talk about it.”

  14. Jen says:

    @MarkedMan: Again, yep. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are increasing, and for a long time it was assumed that type 2 was simply a lifestyle disease (we’ve known for a very long time that type 1 is an autoimmune disease), but there are increasing signs that type 2 might be inherited and/or be caused by some imbalances in gut microbiome.

    1
  15. Jen says:

    @Kathy: As with all science, we don’t know what we haven’t learned yet. Regarding bacteria, there’s some speculation that overuse of antibiotics might wipe out the good bacteria in the biome, and limited diets are unable to repopulate the balance, which leads to hormonal imbalances that can affect weight. All speculative right now. Viral illnesses have long been thought to trigger type 1 diabetes, and this link is now being looked at as a possible cause for type 2 as well.

    It will be hard to tease all of this out, but worth it in the end if we can figure it out.

  16. OzarkHillbilly says:

    @charon: There is a similar controversy at BJC hospital in STL. All the GOP busybodies in Jeff City are jumping all over it. My first thought was to wonder who the whistleblower is and what her motives. She says she got the job so she could help trans kids.

    Yeah. Right. And just exactly what does she think is helping these kids?

    Choice of lawyers for whistleblower at St. Louis transgender clinic taints her motive, critics say

    The whistleblower, Jamie Reed, 42, of St. Louis was a caseworker at the Washington University Transgender Center at St. Louis Children’s Hospital from 2018 and 2022. She has described herself as a queer woman married to a trans man and “politically left of Bernie Sanders,” the U.S. senator from Vermont.

    Reed is being represented by Georgia attorney Vernadette Broyles, founder of the Child and Parental Rights Campaign, which calls gender identity an “artificial social construct” and an ideology that is threatening children’s well-being.

    “Children are being led to believe a powerful untruth about their bodies — that they could be ‘born in the wrong body,’” the campaign’s website states.

    Broyles has tried several cases to overturn transgender policies in schools, including a case filed over two years ago involving a 13-year-old Tallahassee child that helped lead to the passage of the contentious, so-called “Don’t Say Gay” bill in Florida.

    Ernie Trakas, an attorney and Republican member of the St. Louis County Council, also is representing Reed as one of the two senior litigation counselors with the Child and Parental Rights Campaign.

    Neither Broyles nor Trakas — a conservative stalwart in local politics — would say how long Trakas has worked with the campaign. Broyles called the question “irrelevant,” but said Trakas has worked on several of the group’s cases “for some time.”

    One is judged by the company one keeps.

    1
  17. Sleeping Dog says:
  18. Modulo Myself says:

    One big problem with the coverage of trans care is that they go through the specifics of medicine and give the impression that there’s an issue specific to trans care worth focusing on. The Bazelon piece read in good faith gets to the bottom of what—that there are side effects to drugs?That there is uncertainty about the future? How is that different from any other treatment?

    The other big problem is that very few trans people seem to have problems with the care they are receiving. The detrans rate is around 2%., for example, and outside of implausible ‘they gave hormones to a minor who asked for directions’ stories there aren’t scandals. I mean, Tavistock closed in England, but the NHS is opening two new regional care centers to provide trans care.

    It’s just hard not to see the coverage as a replay of endless ‘objective’ pieces on the Homosexual Situation in America feeding into the hysteria of philistines which then feeds back into the ‘objective’ takes, and with the same dupes falling for the scam.

    8
  19. charon says:

    @Scott:

    Nikki probably trying to appear “moderate” to the uninformed while signaling the Christian Nationalists she will give them a blank check, whatever they want.

    1
  20. charon says:

    @Modulo Myself:

    @OzarkHillbilly:

    It could be that gender dysphoria is being massively overdiagnosed at the same time that Republican bigots are seizing on pretexts for abusive legislation.

    2
  21. Stormy Dragon says:

    @Modulo Myself:

    The other key tell for all the people constantly concern trolling trans healthcare is that their proposed solution is never to fund research or to change policies to improve the care, but instead to suggest that all trans care should be banned and trans people forced to de-transition.

    6
  22. charon says:

    @OzarkHillbilly:

    One is judged by the company one keeps.

    Right. Guilt by association, very logical.

    1
  23. charon says:

    @Stormy Dragon:

    Total strawman, very much not the links I posted.

    but instead to suggest that all trans care should be banned and trans people forced to de-transition.

    Totally not what was in the NYT etc. links I put up.

    1
  24. Stormy Dragon says:

    @charon:

    “Gender dysphoria” is increasingly not considered a valid diagnosis to begin with. The preferred model now is “gender incongruence”. And the change is precisely to stop cis people from gatekeeping trans people by wanting to sit around debating whether a particular person has suffered enough to deserve care.

    Which is really what all this hand-wringing about trans healthcare is really about. There’s a large number of cis people who think they deserve some sort of veto power over trans people’s life decisions. They think trans people can’t possibly be the best judge of who they are and require a jury of cis people to decide for them.

    5
  25. charon says:
  26. Modulo Myself says:

    @charon:

    Then they should write stories about it being over-diagnosed. Instead, the Times gives us stories about some putrid parents who aren’t trusted by their kids and the ‘quandry’ of what to do.

    And I suspect that it’s not, because what is the mechanism for over-diagnosing it except politics trumping medicine. And despite what people want to believe about ‘activists’ it just ain’t true. The people who believe this are basically Rod Dreher.

    Also, despite the fact that the Times treated this letter as if it were a bomb, I’m guessing they’re going to back off in a subtle way. You have to be pretty unsophisticated to believe most of these scare tactics, and nobody who works for the Times wants to be considered that.

    4
  27. charon says:

    @Stormy Dragon:

    We are talking past each other, this is getting kind of pointless.

  28. OzarkHillbilly says:

    @charon: Guilt by association, very logical.

    Today’s GOP and their voters. Birds of a feather and all that. If you want to tell me that somebody who voted for Ken Paxton can be a good person about all I can say is good for what? Because as far as I am concerned, they are a POS.

    5
  29. charon says:

    I can a lot of you have your narratives set, do not want to be confused by any alternate realities. My guess, IMO, not just righties have their epistemic bubble.

    So time for me to bail, this is just getting tedious.

    4
  30. Stormy Dragon says:

    @charon:

    I’m not interested in playing another round of the “I’m just asking questions” game, particularly with a side Jordan Peterson style “you’re not allowed to respond to me until you’ve finished my reading list”.

    I don’t care what particular flavor of both-sidsing the NYT decided to serve up today. The paper’s entire approach to the subject is fundamentally flawed. The details of how those flaws showed up in particular articles is irrelevant.

    8
  31. Modulo Myself says:

    @charon:

    Yeah, yeah–maybe just tell the truth and say you’re a bit prejudiced against people who are different rather than blathering about epistemic bubbles and then pretending to be tired of this tedious conversation. It would be better for everyone, including you.

    5
  32. Modulo Myself says:

    @Stormy Dragon:

    To be honest, I think the professional trolls have turned themselves into such pariahs that they’ve become the real victims and not trans kids and adults who are going to have their care banned in whatever idiot state we are talking about. This victimization flows downriver. It’s like cocaine for a certain person and becomes the real point of everything.

    1
  33. MarkedMan says:

    @charon: No True Scotsman variation? All objective researchers come up with results I want to hear. If a researcher does not, then they are not objective researchers and therefore their research is wrong.

    2
  34. charon says:

    @Modulo Myself:

    You are demonstrating my take. Your opinion has in common with assholes, it stinks.

    1
  35. charon says:

    @MarkedMan:

    No True Scotsman variation?

    So mumbo-jumbo, sounding all erudite and sophisticated.

  36. Modulo Myself says:

    @MarkedMan:

    Then point me to a study indicating that current care for gender dysphoria is not working.

    The NYT had an article about a study showing 94% of kids receiving care after years still identifying with their new gender, and they suggested, somehow, that it was possible that this might be due to pressure to conform and not the care actually working. No evidence, of course. Just an intuition.

    4
  37. Stormy Dragon says:

    @MarkedMan:

    Data Re-identification

    In the mid 1990s, a government agency in Massachusetts called Group Insurance Commission (GIC), which purchased health insurance for employees of the state, decided to release records of hospital visits to any researcher who requested the data, at no cost. GIC assured that the patient’s privacy was not a concern since it had removed identifiers such as name, addresses, social security numbers. However, information such as zip codes, birth date and sex remained untouched. The GIC assurance was reinforced by the then governor of Massachusetts, William Weld. Latanya Sweeney, a graduate student at the time, put her mind to picking out the governor’s records in the GIC data. By combining the GIC data with the voter database of the city Cambridge, which she purchased for 20 dollars, Governor Weld’s record was discovered with ease.[9]

    In 1997, a researcher successfully de-anonymized medical records using voter databases.[3]

    In 2001, Professor Latanya Sweeney again used anonymized hospital visit records and voting records in the state of Washington and successfully matched individual persons 43% of the time.[10]

    There are existing algorithms used to re-identify patient with prescription drug information.[3]

    One disturbing figure is that birthdate, gender, and five-digiti zipcode is enough information to uniquely identify 87% of Americans

    5
  38. Stormy Dragon says:

    @Stormy Dragon:

    It’s similar to how “anonymous” location data is rarely actually anonymous, because most people spend 2/3 of their time in two locations, one of which is their home and one of which is their work place, and once you pick those two out it’s usually quite easy to figure out who the person in question is.

    2
  39. Mu Yixiao says:

    @charon:

    Thank you for the link. I’m reading through the original article now.

  40. Kathy says:

    Maybe JAQing off in public should be frowned upon.

  41. Jay L Gischer says:

    @charon:

    It could be that gender dysphoria is being massively overdiagnosed at the same time that Republican bigots are seizing on pretexts for abusive legislation.

    I’d like to take issue with this, but without the ad hominem. A priori, I accept this as a possibility that should be considered. Trans people find this idea way too threatening, as it also is a pretext for gatekeeping (See @Beth’s remarks about the Harry Benjamin protocol in earlier discussions), but that’s not an issue for me, so I’m happy to discuss it.

    First, where’s the evidence that this is happening? Not tales about how it was “politically incorrect” to do something else. Evidence of increasing detransition rate.

    Second, how many people have you ever known to say things like, “I should be a girl” or “I thought I would grow a penis at puberty”, much less walk away from it a year later?

    Now, people are, uh, all over the map, and there’s definitely a possibility that some might be mistaken or up to mischief. But I also know that dressing in drag is exhausting (I’ve done it a couple times for the sake of Halloween). It’s a huge relief to get those things back into concordance. If you doubt this try the experiment (even a thought experiment) of maintaining a gender presentation at odds with your internal sense of gender. See how that feels to you. It’s hard.

    I know woman, a good friend, who is an accomplished scientist, and solid feminist. When I told her about my daughter’s transition, she was at first worried about telling her own kids, afraid that they might get the notion to transition or something. What I told her is one of the most important and foundational facts about trans people is that they don’t ever change their mind.

    5
  42. Stormy Dragon says:

    @Stormy Dragon:

    “Gender dysphoria” is increasingly not considered a valid diagnosis to begin with. The preferred model now is “gender incongruence”.

    And to be clear, this is not saying that gender incongruence doesn’t manifest as dysphoria in many trans people, just that the dysphoria itself is not a necessary part of the condition, but rather one of a number of ways people react to it.

    4
  43. Mu Yixiao says:

    @Jay L Gischer:

    First, where’s the evidence that this is happening? Not tales about how it was “politically incorrect” to do something else. Evidence of increasing detransition rate.

    This is addressed in Bazelon’s original article. It’s not about detransitioning, however. The discussion is about pre-pubescent children who behave or identify as a different gender, and how a significant portion of them later realize that it was their sexuality that was the issue, not their gender. They go on to come out as homosexual or bi, but go back to identifying with the gender of their birth. To the young minds (the therapists are finding) “I like to play with trucks” = “I must be a boy” (about 2/3 of youth transitioning are AFAB transitioning to male).

    Switching back after puberty is a very rare occurance.

    1
  44. MarkedMan says:

    From The Atlantic

    Vincent Lloyd is a Black professor at Villanova University, where he directed the Black-studies program, leads workshops on anti-racism and transformative justice, and has published books on anti-Black racism, including Black Dignity: The Struggle Against Domination. Until recently, he was dismissive of criticism of the way that the left talks about race in America. Then he had an unsettling experience while teaching a group of high-school students as part of a highly selective summer program that is convened and sponsored annually by the Telluride Association.

    The students began the summer excited about the six-week seminar, called “Race and the Limits of Law.” But soon, they moved to expel two of their classmates from the program amid political disagreements. Then, as Lloyd later recounted in an essay for Compact Magazine, the remaining students read a prepared statement about “how the seminar perpetuated anti-black violence in its content and form, how the black students had been harmed, how I was guilty of countless microaggressions, including through my body language, and how students didn’t feel safe because I didn’t immediately correct views that failed to treat anti-blackness as the cause of all the world’s ills.”

    Before, he had quickly rejected the linguist and social commentator John McWhorter’s argument that anti-racism is a new religion. “Last summer,” Lloyd wrote, “I found anti-racism to be a perversion of religion: I found a cult.”

    Cue the No-True-Scotsman two step: Things are meaningful and important only if they happen to true believers. McWhorter is not a true believer. Lloyd mentioned McWhorter without immediately repudiating him, which indicates he is not a true believer. Therefore we can discount his experience, as it is not meaningful and important. And also, his background must be investigated until the age of twelve for any signs of former heresy.

  45. charon says:
  46. Sleeping Dog says:

    @MarkedMan:

    It seems to me that McWhorter and Lloyd’s disagreement is more about descriptive terminology than about the subject under examination.

  47. just nutha says:

    @Jay L Gischer: Since people have started to parse out statements on the topic, I will weigh in to note that gender dysphoria is probably a small enough category that the suggestion of “massive” misdiagnosis can possibly be both hyperbolic and agenda driven in some circles. The solution for the hyperbole factor is to identify the level at which one will stake their reputation on misdiagnosis (yeah, it will be a WAG, but most public space arguments hinge on them) and argue for that level counting as massive.

    The agenda driven assumptions will never be found wanting among the fans of the agenda.

    2
  48. charon says:

    @just nutha:

    You are right, “massive” was poor wording, and not in the source material.

  49. OzarkHillbilly says:

    @charon: As do you. As do we all.

    1
  50. charon says:

    @OzarkHillbilly:

    What, in your opinion, is my narrative? Educate me.

  51. charon says:

    @OzarkHillbilly:

    I came across the NYmag/Intelligencer piece yesterday, which seemed pretty inconsistent with everything I have been reading on this topic – so I decided to check it out. So now you diagnose me as locked into some “narrative?” Whatever.

    1
  52. Beth says:
  53. Beth says:
  54. gVOR08 says:

    I expect I’ll regret bringing this up, but I see at Progress Pond Martin Longman agrees with Dr. Taylor on Carville and “white trash”.

    Now, if you’re concerned that “large parts of the country view [the Democrats] as an urban, coastal, arrogant party,” then you definitely don’t want to go viral by calling much of the country “white trash.” If you don’t want to come off as elitist, you shouldn’t make personal attacks about how people dress. If you’re concerned that lower income whites are responding to anti-Democratic, white nationalist and fascistic messaging, you don’t want to argue that they have a natural home in the Republican Party or imply that the GOP serves their interests.

    However I don’t find Longman’s argument entirely consistent in that a big part of his argument is that Ds sound like a conversation in a faculty lounge. “White trash” is definitely not faculty lounge language. Carville may have been offensive, but he sure got right to the point.

    I can readily see the point that it’s offensive language that should be eschewed (heh). But. Biden is making a distinction between MAGA extremists and regular Republicans. Now, I’m not convinced that’s an entirely valid distinction in fact, but politically it seems to be working. Carville’s “white trash” also serves to discriminate between the MAGA extremists and the supposed reasonable Rs. Or R leaning indies.

    I fear D’s need to recognize that there is some portion of the population that is not persuadable. Marginalizing them may be a necessary price for getting more of the “educated suburban”, or whatever, R leaning independents. Whether “white trash” is offensive to the gettable R leaners or helps them see a distinction from the extremes is beyond me. Carville may be privy to polling or focus group results. Or not.

    I’ll add that I thought the “white trash” post and thread were archetypical “woke”. Carville’s offense was real, but not a major problem. Dr. Taylor’s response was valid and reasoned, although IMHO perhaps a bit disproportionate. And then the whole thing just blew up in comments. Typical “woke” tempest in a teapot. (Please don’t take this as implying there have not been egregious offenses that drew appropriate “woke” outrage.)

    1
  55. Mu Yixiao says:

    @just nutha:

    Just a note: The questions of overdiagnosis are coming from medical professionals who primarily, or exclusively, provide medical services to transgender people, or those looking to transition.

    My reading of it is similar to the use of antibotics. None of the people directly involved are saying it’s wrong, they’re trying to gain solid data (in a field with too little at the moment) in an effort to make sure that they are providing the right type, degree, and timing of medical care.

    This is experts in the field questioning why there has been such a significant change in numbers and decrease in age of onset (that’s not the right word, but I’m brain-farting on the correct one), and wondering if (and arguing about whether) they are doing what’s best for their patients.

    I recommend reading Bazelon’s article that Charon linked to above. It’s long, but worth it.

    =========
    I’ll note that in my reading of the article, I find it well-written, even-handed*, pro-trans, and respectful.

    * Discussing internal disagreements, not both-siderism or portraying anti-trans sentiment as anything except bad (“vitriol” is one of the adjectives used).

  56. Monala says:

    @Beth: I don’t know if you’ll be around long enough to see this, but I wrote this to you late yesterday on the open thread:

    I know it may not help to say this, but I’m pissed off and scared for the trans folks I know and trans people all over this country. The lies and demonization are infuriating. I’m so sorry, and sending my love to you.

    3
  57. OzarkHillbilly says:

    @charon: Educate yourself. I do not know you nearly well enough to say (and never will), but I know you are a human being and have never met one who didn’t have some set narratives. It’s part of the human condition. Thinking otherwise is delusional.

    So time for me to bail, this is just getting tedious.

    And yet, here you are, down in the mud, wrestling with the pigs. It would seem you enjoy it.

    2
  58. Stormy Dragon says:

    From The Onion:

    It Is Journalism’s Sacred Duty To Endanger The Lives Of As Many Trans People As Possible

    “Quentin” is a 14-year-old assigned female at birth who now identifies as male against the wishes of his parents. His transition was supported by one of his unmarried teachers, who is not a virgin. He stole his parents’ car and drove to the hospital, where a doctor immediately began performing top surgery on him. Afterward, driving home drunk from the hospital, Quentin became suicidally depressed, and he wonders now, homeless and ridden with gonorrhea, if transitioning was a mistake.
    Advertisement

    We just made Quentin up, and that’s okay. It doesn’t mean stories like his aren’t potentially happening everywhere, constantly. Good journalism is about finding those stories, even when they don’t exist. It’s about asking the tough questions and ignoring the answers you don’t like, then offering misleading evidence in service of preordained editorial conclusions. In our case, endangering trans people is the lodestar that shapes our coverage. Frankly, if our work isn’t putting trans people further at risk of trauma and violence, we consider it a failure.

    5
  59. charon says:

    @Beth:

    There was a piece recently at Lawyers Guns and Money recently giving Pamela Paul a good fisking.

    1
  60. Gustopher says:

    @charon:

    Right. Guilt by association, very logical.

    I’m sure that 7th proud boy is a great guy. The first 6, complete racist shitheads, but the 7th? He might be fine. We should treat them all as individuals and not make judgements.

    Fuck that.

    Figure out a person’s likely bias by who they hang out with, and keep that in mind. If there is a likely bias, and the work supports that likely bias, check to see if someone lacking that bias can replicate it. At the very least, report the potential bias.

    A lot of organizations — particularly The NY Times of late — haven’t been doing that. The NY Times is rather famous for its Cletus Safaris, and their reporting on trans issues has a similar whiff of Cletus.

    2
  61. Jay L Gischer says:

    @Mu Yixiao: I do not appear to have access to Bazelon’s article. But I feel I must ask, is this based on anecdotes, or, you know, data? Reporting frequently ignores data for anecdotes, because that’s what most people relate to.

    It is not at all common for any human being, including a child, to think that they are in the wrong body, genderwise.

    I don’t necessarily see any big reason to not take your time, when a 7-year-old is involved, for instance, and first concentrate on presentation – dress, hair and mannerisms. At the same time, the likely only medical intervention would be to put them on hormone blockers – not hormones, but blockers – which don’t really have much in the way of permanent effects. I’m not seeing what the harm is in aggressive intervention here is.

    1
  62. Gustopher says:

    @Mu Yixiao: The medical regret rate of gender affirming care is about 1-2%.

    The medical regret rate of knee replacements is reported as 10-20% by various sources.

    One is a moral panic, the other is a thing that is barely discussed. I’ll tell you this though — if the Good Lord Above wanted these people to walk without pain he wouldn’t have crippled the fuckers. We’re working against God Almighty here.

    At the rates of reported medical regret for transition, we are likely leaving far more people in regret of not having medical intervention than regretting having medical intervention.

    5
  63. Jay L Gischer says:

    Wow, this link that Beth dropped is really good:

    We bring up the wait times at Tavistock for three reasons. First, because long wait times have been one of the central issues associated with Tavistock. It’s highlighted in the Cass Report as one of the core criticism of the service, it was the subject of the lawsuit mentioned above, and it’s a key reason why they’ve decided to replace it with regional centers. Second, Jonathan Chait doesn’t mention wait times in his essay at all. It’s not clear he even knows that this was one of the biggest issues with Tavistock’s care. Third, the existence of long wait times fundamentally changes the picture of whether prescriptions and diagnoses were being rushed. If every patient had already been waiting for years by their first visit, then the urgency of their need was almost certainly a factor in how quickly medication was prescribed.

    And, I would add, constitutes direct evidence of the credibility of their desire to transition. They have endured significant wait times without wavering. That seems pretty significant to me.

    4
  64. Neil Hudelson says:

    @Gustopher:

    The medical regret rate of gender affirming care is about 1-2% […] At the rates of reported medical regret for transition, we are likely leaving far more people in regret of not having medical intervention than regretting having medical intervention.

    And of the infitesimally small amount of people who regret their transition, the vast majority state they regret their transition due to the lack of support they get afterward.

    They aren’t regretting confirming their gender, they are regretting the hate thrown at them afterward.

    7
  65. Gustopher says:

    @gVOR08:

    Biden is making a distinction between MAGA extremists and regular Republicans. Now, I’m not convinced that’s an entirely valid distinction in fact, but politically it seems to be working.

    If there is not a difference between MAGA extremists and regular Republicans then we are well and truly fucked.

    1
  66. charon says:
  67. just nutha says:

    And on a different, and I hope happier, note, congratulations to the Kelso High School cheer squad for placing 3rd at the state competition for cheer squads. A nice accomplishment for an area that ranks in the top 5 in the state for unemployment and poverty.

    Those who wish to demean the idea of cheer competitions as the ultimate in white trashy irrelevance may begin. I’ll simply note that the school school across the river with the 2o Spirit Sticks* in their cheerleading trophy case didn’t do as well.

    *To the degree that I understand this stuff (mostly from the other school’s trophy case) spirit sticks represent finishing at the top in the end of camp competitions that some schools send their squads to for summer training and conditioning prior to football season. (A guy from my high school a couple of years after I graduated became good enough to be hired to the staff of a national cheerleading camp as a cheerleading professional. No, I didn’t realize that there was such a thing either but have to assume that the existence of summer camps would create the need.)

    1
  68. charon says:

    @Neil Hudelson:

    Apples and oranges. You are talking about people who transitioned as adults.

    Now there is a lot of transitioning as teenagers, and the numbers transitioning is much larger.

    1
  69. Monala says:

    @Gustopher: right. There’s a difference between the company you choose to keep (friends, ideological comrades), and those that you are associated with by birth or circumstance (family, neighbors, coworkers). If enough of the former are bigots and terrible people, it’s not surprising that others may assume you are as well.

    2
  70. just nutha says:

    I thought I heard someone saying that they were going to leave the conversation. I was hoping that would mean that the quarrel about data points and personalities on both sides of the issue would diminish. I guess I was wrong of both points. 🙁

    1
  71. Jay L Gischer says:

    @just nutha: For what it’s worth, the film “Bring it On” completely changed my mind about the whole cheer ecosystem. I presume you refer to Kelso, WA, and the river in question is the Cowlitz River? I’m from WA, but haven’t ever spent much time in that area.

  72. CSK says:

    @Gustopher:
    Since the MAGAS seem to regard all Republicans NOT surnamed Trump, Greene, Gaetz, Gosar, Lake, Boebert, or Gibbs as loathsome Communist socialist globalist RINOs, Biden may have a point.

  73. Kathy says:

    Not that I think this will break through today’s angry sh*tposting, and attempts to reply to same, but, IMO, this indicates increasing desperation.

    Alabama is considering using nitrogen for executions.

    Nitrogen is funny. Single nitrogen atoms will react with just about anything, including other nitrogen atoms (par for the course for gasses, actually). As an N2 molecule, however, it becomes nearly inert. So much so, you can use it to put out fires.

    About 3/4 of the air you breathe is molecular nitrogen, N2, and it does absolutely nothing while in the lungs. So what Alabama is proposing is asphyxia, done by removing oxygen and replacing it with more nitrogen (the rest of the air is argon, an inert noble gas, water vapor, and CO2).

    Then there’s this:

    Then state senator Trip Pittman, who sponsored the 2018 legislation, compared the method to the way that passengers on a plane pass out when the aircraft depressurizes.

    That is so not true. Most depressurization events cause no damage at all. Explosive decompression, which is very rare, doesn’t knock you out at once, either. You’d get plenty of air, but too little oxygen to breathe, so you’ll feel like you’re choking to death; which is exactly what would be going on.

    What does happen also rarely on aircraft is a slow leak combined with malfunctioning or improperly set sensors or equipment. In such cases, like the accident that killed Payne Stewart, people don’t notice anything amiss, and the drop in oxygen pressure is so gradual they lose consciousness.

    You could mimic such a condition, say by injecting air with a gradually lower concentration of oxygen, or by strapping a mask to the person to be murdered and doing the same.

    There’s no humane way to kill someone.

  74. DK says:

    @Mu Yixiao:

    This is experts in the field questioning why there has been such a significant change in numbers

    Clinicians have to explore this for due diligence purposes. We need the data.

    I suspect we who labor in the psychological fields will find the increase in trans kids (note: this is still very few kids) is happening for similar reasons the number of kids identifying as left-handed exploded exponentially post-WW2…after John Dewey and his acolytes persuaded schools to end compulsory right-handedness and parents to stop punishing, pathologizing, shaming, and spanking kids for using their left hands.

    3
  75. MarkedMan says:

    @Mu Yixiao: It’s a reality that clinical best practices change in fits and starts, and it is frustrating for patients and providers alike. Unfortunately, there are good reasons for this. Clinicians/Patients really want to do the best thing but can get excited by a single new unreplicated study or a series of small-n poorly conducted ones because they match with their theories or what they want to hear. Sometimes it pans out and sometimes it evaporates under more studies and sometimes it results in disaster.

    Clinicians who trust a standard-of-care that has resulted in very small numbers of bad outcomes are justified in questioning what will happen when that is set aside and suddenly the treatment is being applied to an order of magnitude more people. It doesn’t help anyone when patients and some media start attacking them simply for trying to understand things more deeply.

  76. JohnSF says:

    Interesting from Ukraine.
    BBC Monitoring report: Ukraine says energy situation improving.
    No energy deficit in the grid. The trolleybuses are running again in Kyiv.

    And this also means Ukrainian industry is probably running flat out again.
    Some people seem to think that Ukraine relies exclusively on imported war materiel, ignoring the fact that it’s a major modern industrial economy in its own right.
    For instance artillery shells.
    Probably not on the scale of Russia, or NATO producers, or anywhere near enough to feed the usage on its own. But probably not trivial either.
    And especially useful as there are signs that Russian artillery fire is dropping off.

  77. DK says:

    @gVOR08:

    If you don’t want to come off as elitist, you shouldn’t make personal attacks about how people dress.

    Having escaped from growing up in exurban Georgia, I definitely want to be considered elite — am I off the hook as an unapologetic bourgeois snob?

    What’s funny about that whole debate is that the people who get called “white trash” are the white people mostly likely to use the term and least offended by it. But it’s not for me to tell white folk what and what not to call each other.

    1
  78. CSK says:

    @Kathy:
    What about voluntary euhanasia? Is that cruel and inhumane if the euthanized individual wants it?

    I’m not being contentious. Just curious.

  79. charon says:

    @Kathy:

    In such cases, like the accident that killed Payne Stewart, people don’t notice anything amiss, and the drop in oxygen pressure is so gradual they lose consciousness.

    I was in an altitude chamber in air force training, we all took our masks off at simulated 25,000 altitude. One trainee was chosen to do that at 30,000 feet simulated, and asked to write something, while we watched the writing degenerate into a scribble.

    It’s true, there is no pain, just gradual loss of consciousness.

    It’s much like being drunk, alcohol works by inhibiting the brain’s ability to metabolize oxygen.

  80. charon says:

    @Kathy:

    People have died in petroleum storage tanks that were flooded with nitrogen, not noticing anything amiss.

  81. JohnSF says:

    @DK:
    For my part, as a lower-middle class with an “altternative” sensibility when younger, I’m tending to dressing smarter as I age.
    What can be passed off as “nonchalant cool” when a twenty-something, gets perceived more as “scruffy old sod” if you’re on the wrong side of fifty.
    🙁

    1
  82. Gustopher says:

    @charon: 80% of trans youth consider suicide and 40% attempt it. (A quick google is not showing success rates)

    Suicidal ideation is cut by about half post transition, according to recent reputable studies in JAMA.

    (You can find lower numbers in older studies, but be wary that changes in society may have a pretty large effect. Heritage Foundation reports imply a twenty fold increase in suicides post transition, which is clearly bullshit.)

    Any discussion of the risks of teenagers having access to gender affirming care that doesn’t include the risk of suicide is just not a serious discussion.

    To quote the guidance counselor in the movie Heathers: “whether or not to kill yourself is one of the most important decisions a teenager can make.”

    Further, if the motivation is to “save the children” why is there a focus on these children, who are a tiny percentage of children?

    Things are going very wrong for kids in general. (The headline and link for this WaPo article about the CDC report focuses on girls, but the boys are almost as fucked up)

    https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/02/13/teen-girls-violence-trauma-pandemic-cdc/

    The numbers of kids affected are far higher, and more kids can be helped by addressing the underlying problems in the larger crisis.

    This is a bit of whataboutism, and I don’t expect you to answer for every problem kids have before your pet cause, but I would ask that you ponder why it is your pet cause.

    Is it because the media you consume is doing a poor job of putting things into proportion? Are they manipulating you for their own agenda?

    Even if everything they said and everything you fear about trans kids was true, the numbers are tiny compared to other problems kids face and the harm being done.

  83. Gustopher says:

    @Kathy:

    There’s no humane way to kill someone.

    That’s obviously not true.

    Inject them with enough morphine that they are high as a kite and don’t even notice. Also cheap and easy. More humane than most natural ways of dying.

    I think you mean that state sanctioned killing is abhorrent.

    Particularly when the state wants to make sure the person suffers as much as legally allowed as they die.

  84. Gustopher says:

    @JohnSF:

    The trolleybuses are running again in Kyiv.

    If a trolley is heading towards 3 Ukrainians, but you can flip a switch so it will head down a different track where it will kill 5 Russian invaders…

  85. Jen says:

    I know that by my age, this sh!t shouldn’t surprise me, but how TF does this happen in the US??

    Food Safety Company Employed More Than 100 Children, Labor Officials Say
    Packers Sanitation Services Inc. paid a $1.5 million penalty this week for employing children as young as 13 in dangerous jobs at meat-processing plants.

    One of the largest food sanitation companies in the United States illegally employed at least 102 children in dangerous jobs cleaning meatpacking and slaughtering plants, the Labor Department said on Friday.

    The company, Packers Sanitation Services Inc., paid a $1.5 million penalty on Thursday, the department said, after an investigation found that children ages 13 to 17 had worked overnight shifts at 13 meat processing plants in eight states, mostly in the South and the Midwest.

    The department said the children had used hazardous chemicals to clean processing equipment, including back saws, brisket saws and head splitters. Its investigators learned that at least three minors had been injured while working for the company, the department said.

    W.T.A.F.

    1
  86. Kathy says:

    @CSK:
    @Gustopher:

    I should have said there’s no way to executes someone humanely.

    And I’d just as soon not get into a discussion on euthanasia.

  87. charon says:

    @Gustopher:

    This is a bit of whataboutism, and I don’t expect you to answer for every problem kids have before your pet cause, but I would ask that you ponder why it is your pet cause.

    Perhaps first tell me what you believe my pet cause is.

    I am just an elderly octogenarian who lives alone and have been a widower since 2005. I really don’t socialize, as I am extremely socially awkward, my brain just does not function well at reading people or relating to people.

    Bottom line, I do not personally know a single person that I am aware of being any type of LGBTQA+. I have no religious hangups as I do not find magical supernatural entities credible, I sure as hell don’t care what some cranks write in New Testament epistles.

    So, please, what is your idea of my hypothetical agenda?

    1
  88. Gustopher says:

    @charon: it’s at least your pet cause du jour.

  89. Gustopher says:

    @Jen: The little fingers are the best at picking out bits of gristle wedged between sharp gears.

  90. charon says:

    @Gustopher:

    People have died from Hydrogen Sulfide poisoning and not being aware they were in any danger. The stuff smalls really bad at low concentrations, like rotten eggs, but at lethal concentrations it kills the sense of smell and becomes odorless.

    1
  91. JohnSF says:

    @Gustopher:

    …where it will kill 5 Russian invaders…

    Probable response of some Ukrainians I know: “Then you pack the trolleybus with C4 and try to kill 50 of the bastards.”
    Quite a few Ukrainians seem to have developed a considerable antipathy toward Russian soldiers, for some reason.

    1
  92. Monala says:

    I have followed the whole trans and J. K. Rowling saga for a while now. I am a cisgender woman, with a cisgender teenage daughter who attends a large public high school in a liberal area of the country.

    I have to say, some of the things that are claimed by folks who are “just asking questions” about trans issues seem to be beyond what I see happening. My daughter has two friends that came out as trans in high school. That did not lead to others in their friend groups suddenly declaring themselves as trans. Also, since my daughter has known these kids for years, I know that those two kids are happier and more confident than they were prior to the transition. Because they’re in high school, they’ve already gone through puberty, and although I don’t know for sure, I doubt that they’ve had any sort of surgery or even hormones. They just seem to socially transitioned. And from what my daughter tells me, their parents aren’t very supportive.

    So this whole thing about people pressuring kids to declare themselves trans, or parents or teachers rushing them to a gender clinic as soon as they say anything like that, doesn’t seem to be what I see happening from my viewpoint.

    3
  93. Monala says:

    About JK Rowling— the saga played out like this: a few years ago, she liked the tweet of an anti-trans activist. When people criticized her, she said she liked the tweet by mistake. Many people gave her the benefit of the doubt.

    Then in 2020, she wrote a tweet mocking an article that referred to “people who menstruate.” She insisted that they should’ve called him women. But the article was about the challenges for people who menstruate during the pandemic lockdowns, including access to menstrual products, and for some parts of the world, access to clean water for hygiene. The article was not relevant to all women, since all women do not menstruate, and it was very relevant to some people who do menstruate but are not women, including girls, who may be as young as nine or 10, and trans men.

    In response to the backlash that she received that Tweet, she wrote an essay in which she affirmed her support for trans people, and wrote that was really important to her was just making sure that women and children were protected.

    Since that time, however, JKR has gotten considerably nastier in her anti-trans rhetoric, and it’s also started to associate with some of the worst misogynists and bigots on the right. So anyone defending her by only referring to that 2020 essay is really missing out on why people have come to feel strongly that JKR is trans phobic

    4
  94. Stormy Dragon says:

    @Monala:

    There is a form of argument that I find particularly annoying that I refer to as “the dictionary fallacy” where someone will say “I do not believe X, I merely believe blah blah blah blah” where “blah blah blah blah” is basically a much longer definition of what “X” means (e.g. “I do not like eating vanilla ice cream, I am just particularly fond of frozen colloidal emulsions of cream, ice, sugar, and air that have been flavored with distillates of the planifolia orchid”), and then will treat this as proof that it is unfair to characterizing as believing in X.

    Many transphobes until recently fell into this pattern, claiming to support trans people while being clearly hostile to any effort that would make it easier for trans people to obtain treatment or to function in society.

    All that’s really changed now is a lot of them are dropping the pretense.

    1
  95. Just nutha ignint cracker says:

    @Jay L Gischer: That would be correct. The more interesting thing about Kelso, though is that it spans the river in some places but not in others so there are places where Kelso and Longview share a boundary that is on a street, not mid-stream.

  96. Monala says:

    Finally, many of the arguments, don’t seem to be in good faith. For instance, there’s the often repeated claim that trans people are saying there’s no such thing as sex, or biology, or that folks like Rowling are being criticized for insisting that sex and biology are real.

    That’s nonsense. No one that I know of in the trans community or among their allies is saying that sex and biology aren’t real. Rather, they are saying that it’s more complicated than a simple binary. There are many more combinations of sex chromosomes besides XX and XY, and no one knows how widespread they are, because there has never been any large scale sex chromosome typing of humanity. Scientists now believe that sexuality is formed from a combination of genes, hormones, and in utero environment. There’s no reason not to think that the same is true for sex and gender identity.

    I do think that there aren’t easy answers for some of the concerns around trans women in sports or women’s prisons, but much is a rhetoric around it is not in good faith. In addition, they are probably assholes in the trans community just as there are in any community, and death threats against anyone should always be condemned.

    Sorry for the typos above. I was rather heated and typing fast, and of course, the edit button is nowhere to be found when you need it.

    3
  97. charon says:
  98. charon says:

    @charon:

    Clarifying text:

    Putin’s feet during his meeting with Lukashenko.

    Is this Morse code?

    Strange movements

  99. Jax says:

    Current mood: Feeling cute and cuddly at another -30 this morning. Might go get in a bar fight just for the fun of it. Fireball? Hell yes, fireball.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=th4Czv1j3F8

    1
  100. SC_Birdflyte says:

    @charon: Argon is an even more efficient killer than nitrogen.

  101. charon says:

    I posted this link way upthread before getting around to reading it myself.

    It’s very long but well worth a read, lots of perspective on this stuff. (And I now better understand why I got so viciously attacked as some sort of supposed bigoted anti-trans activist – lot of examples in the link of similar behavior).

    https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-transyouth-outcomes/

    Tiny excerpts, there is way more.

    Transgender people are frequently subjected to harassment, abuse and threats online. And as Lazzara’s experience shows, so are detransitioners. In recent posts on TikTok, users took turns telling detransitioners to “shut up,” and mocked, attacked and blamed them for perpetuating harm on the transgender community.

    Diana Salameh, a transgender woman, film director and comedian from Mississippi, posted a TikTok video on Oct. 1 to “all the so-called transgender detransitioners out there.” Detransitioners “are just giving fuel to the fire to the people who think that no trans person should exist,” she said in the video. “You people who jumped the gun, made wrong decisions that you should actually feel embarrassed for, but you want to blame somebody else.” In closing, she said, “I think you all need to sit down and shut the fuck up!”

    Salameh told Reuters she posted the video because detransitioners spread the false idea “that nobody can be happy after transition,” and right-wing opponents of youth gender care are using their stories “to fuel their agendas.”

    snip

    In 2015, the National Institutes of Health funded a study to examine outcomes for about 400 transgender youth treated at four U.S. children’s hospitals, including the gender clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital. Researchers have said they are looking at “continuation of care.” However, long-term results are years away.

    That has left a small assortment of studies to guide clinicians in this emerging field of medicine. The results of these studies suggest a wide range of possibilities for rates of detransitioning, from less than 1% to 25%. The research provides even less certainty about the incidence of regret among patients who received medical treatment as minors. And the studies have serious drawbacks.

    Two of the largest ones, which found that 2% or less of people who transitioned experienced regret, focused on Europeans who primarily initiated treatment as adults. Experts caution that the results, because of the differences in maturity and life experiences between adults and adolescents, may have limited relevance as an indicator of outcomes for minors.

    Researchers acknowledge that studies that follow patients for only a short time may underestimate detransition and regret because evidence indicates some people may not reach that point until as long as a decade after treatment began. Some studies also lose track of patients – a recurring challenge as minors age out of pediatric clinics and have to seek care elsewhere.